▲ 결의안의 대표 발의자인 로 칸나의원결의안의 대표 발의자인 로 칸나의원 ⓒ 로 칸나의원 페이스북

H. RES. 152

116TH  CONGRESS

1ST  SESSION

Calling for a formal end of the Korean war.

                   IN  THE  HOUSE  OF  REPRESENTATIVES

FEBRUARY  26, 2019

Mr.  KHANNA  (for  himself,  Ms.  JAYAPAL,  Mr.  POCAN,  Ms.  LEE  of  California, Ms.   HAALAND,   Ms.   OMAR,   Ms.   OCASIO-CORTEZ,   Ms.   NORTON,   Ms. SCHAKOWSKY,  Mr.  GRIJALVA,  Mr.  RUSH,  Ms.  JOHNSON   of  Texas,  Ms. GABBARD, Mr. ESPAILLAT, Mr. KIM, Ms. TLAIB, Ms. JUDY  CHU  of Cali- fornia,  Mr.  SERRANO,  Ms.  MOORE,  and  Ms.  VELA´ZQUEZ)  submitted  the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Af- fairs, and in addition to the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, for a period to  be  subsequently  determined  by  the  Speaker,  in  each  case  for  consider- ation  of  such  provisions  as  fall  within  the  jurisdiction  of  the  committee concerned

RESOLUTION

Calling for a formal end of the Korean war.

Whereas  the  Korean  war  remains  one  of  the  world’s  longest ongoing  armed  conflicts,  in  which  the  Democratic  Peo- ple’s  Republic  of  Korea  (North  Korea),  the  Republic  of Korea  (South  Korea),  the  United  States,  and  20  other nations have suffered hundreds of thousands of casualties and  losses,  and  millions  of  civilians  killed  and  wounded;

Whereas, on June 25, 1950, the armed forces of North Korea attacked  South  Korea,  an  action  which  the  United  Na- tions Security Council determined constituted a breach of

the peace under chapter VII of the United Nations Char- ter, after which the United States militarily intervened in the conflict in defense of South Korea;

Whereas,  on  July  27,  1953,  the  commander  in  chief  of  the United  Nations  Command  signed  an  Armistice  Agree- ment  with  the  supreme  commander  of  the  North  Korean People’s  Army  and  the  commander  of  the  Chinese  Peo- ple’s  Volunteers,  aiming,  by  its  terms,  to  ‘‘insure  a  com- plete cessation of hostilities and of all acts of armed force in Korea until a final peaceful settlement is achieved’’;

Whereas  the  Armistice  Agreement,  by  its  terms,  neither  for- mally ended the war nor represented a final peaceful set- tlement;

Whereas  the  persistence  of  a  state  of  war  represents  a  con- stant   risk   and   threat   to   the   national   security   of   the United States and its allies;

Whereas in Article III of the Mutual Defense Treaty between the United States of America and the Republic of Korea, signed  at  Washington  on  October  1,  1953,  and  still  in force  today,  the  United  States  recognized  that  an  armed attack  on  South  Korea  would  be  dangerous  to  the  peace and  safety  of  the  United  States,  and  declared  that  the United  States  would  act  in  accordance  with  its  constitu- tional  principles  to  meet  the  common  danger  of  such  an armed attack;

Whereas   unprovoked   military   action   against   North   Korea would   pose   extraordinary   risks   to   the   United   States, United  States  troops  and  citizens  in  the  region,  United States  allies,  and  security  in  Northeast  Asia  and  would require  explicit  authorization  by  Congress  under  article  I of the United States Constitution;

Whereas,  on  April  27,  2018,  in  Panmunjom,  the  leaders  of

South  Korea  and  North  Korea  ‘‘solemnly  declared’’  that

‘‘there  will  be  no  more  war  and  a  new  era  of  peace  has begun  on  the  Korean  peninsula’’,  and  committed  ‘‘to  de- clare  the  end  of  war’’  on  the  Korean  peninsula  65  years after the signing of the Armistice Agreement, and further committing  to  actively  promote  meetings  involving  the United  States  ‘‘with  a  view  to  replacing  the  Armistice Agreement  with  a  peace  agreement  and  establishing  a permanent and solid peace regime’’;

Whereas,  on  June  12,  2018,  in  Singapore,  the  leaders  of  the United  States  and  North  Korea  committed  ‘‘to  establish new relations in accordance with the desire of the peoples of the two countries for peace and prosperity’’;

Whereas,  on  September  25,  2018,  President  of  South  Korea Moon   Jae-in   publicly   affirmed   that   it   is   ‘‘simply   not true’’ that an end-of-war declaration would affect the sta- tus  of  the  United  Nations  Command  or  of  United  States Forces  in  Korea,  and  further  stated  that  the  stationing of United States Forces in Korea ‘‘is simply a matter for the  ROK–U.S.  alliance  to  decide  regardless  of  a  declara- tion  to  end  the  Korean  war  or  the  signing  of  a  peace treaty’’;

Whereas  the  failure  to  come  to  a  final  peace  settlement  on the   Korean   peninsula   has   exerted   long-term   negative pressures  on  human  rights  and  humanitarian  conditions, such  as  the  restriction  of  civil  liberties  and  redirection  of national  resources   to   defense   and   excessive   military spending  rather  than  to  the  livelihoods  of  Americans  and the Korean peoples;

Whereas the United Nations Security Council has determined that  the  ongoing  nuclear-  and  ballistic-missile-related  ac-

tivities of North Korea continue to pose a threat to inter- national peace and security;

Whereas   the   Treaty   on   the   Non-Proliferation   of   Nuclear Weapons  (NPT)  remains  a  cornerstone  of  the  nuclear nonproliferation regime and the United States has a duty to  seek  universal  adherence  to  and  compliance  with  the NPT;

Whereas  an  end  to  the  state  of  war  would  not  legally  imply recognition  of  North  Korea  as  a  nuclear  weapons  state, as  the  only  states  that  can  be  recognized  as  such  under the  NPT  are  those  which  have  ‘‘manufactured  and  ex- ploded a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device prior to January 1, 1967’’; and

Whereas   Special   Representative   for   North   Korea   Stephen Biegun  stated  on  January  31,  2019,  that  ‘‘the  Trump administration  is  ready  to  end  this  war’’,  that  ‘‘We  are not going to invade North Korea’’, and that ‘‘We are not seeking to topple the North Korean regime’’: Now, there- fore, be it

1           Resolved, That the House of Representatives—

2                   (1) pays tribute to the sacrifices of the veterans

3           of  the  Korean  war,  its  victims,  and  the  families  di-

4           vided since the initial outbreak of war;

5                   (2)  calls  for  continued  cooperative  efforts  to  re-

6           patriate the remains of service members;

7                   (3)  calls  for  reunions  of  divided  Korean  and

8           Korean-American     families,     people-to-people     ex-

9           changes, and continued humanitarian cooperation;

1                   (4)  affirms  that  neither  a  declaration  regarding

2           the  end  of  the  Korean  war  nor  a  final  peaceful  set-

3           tlement  by  itself  would  have  any  legal  effect  on  the

4           commitments  set  forth  in  the  1953  Mutual  Defense

5           Treaty  between  the  United  States  of  America  and

6           the  Republic  of  Korea,  which  by  its  terms  is  set  to

7           ‘‘remain in force indefinitely’’ and which requires the

8           United  States  to  respond  immediately  and  firmly  to

9           the common danger that any armed attack on South

10           Korea would pose to both countries;

11                   (5) affirms its strong agreement with the state-

12           ment  of  the  President  of  South  Korea  Moon  Jae-in

13           that  questions  about  the  stationing  of  United  States

14           Armed Forces in South Korea is ultimately a matter

15           for the United States and South Korea to decide to-

16           gether regardless of whether a declaration to end the

17           Korean   war   or   any   final   peaceful   settlement   is

18           achieved;

19                   (6)  affirms  that  the  United  States  does  not

20           seek armed conflict with North Korea;

21                   (7)  would  welcome  a  statement  by  President

22           Trump,  in  coordination  with  South  Korea,  declaring

23           the end of the state of war with North Korea;

24                   (8)   supports   ongoing   diplomatic   engagement

25           among  the  United  States,  South  Korea,  and  North